Orthopedic doctors utilize an operation called an arthroscopy to see into a joint and fix issues there. The Greek words "arthro" (joint) and "skopein" (to look) are the origin of the word "arthroscopy." Literally, the phrase means "to look within the joint." An orthopedic surgeon does arthroscopic surgery by making a tiny incision in the patient's skin and inserting pencil-sized instruments that have a small lens and lighting system to magnify and illuminate the structures inside the joint. To reach the end of the arthroscope that is put into the joint, light is sent using fiber optics. Instead of the bigger incision required for open surgery, the surgeon can view the interior of the joint through this extremely small incision thanks to the arthroscope attached to a small camera. The arthroscope's camera projects the image of the joint onto a video monitor, enabling the surgeon to see, for example, the entire knee. This enables the surgeon to see the ligaments, under the kneecap, and the cartilage. The surgeon can assess the degree or nature of the damage before making any necessary repairs or corrections. Disease and injury have the potential to harm your bones, cartilage, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Your doctor will thoroughly review your medical history, do a physical exam, and request imaging tests, typically x-rays, to diagnose your illness.
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